Electron Spin Resonance (ESR)
The material alanine is considered as tissue equivalent and widely used in dosimetry with Electron Spin Resonance (ESR or EPR). It is especially used in electron beam and neutron dosimetry but also for many kinds of photon radiation dosimetry.
Anton, M., Kapsch, R. P., Krauss, A., von Voigts-Rhetz, P., Zink, K., and McEwen, M. (2013). Difference in the relative response of the alanine dosimeter to megavoltage x-ray and electron beams. Physics in Medicine and Biology 58, 3259.
Marchioni, E., Pabst, J. Y., and Kuntz, F. (2002). Characterization and application of two kinds of ESR dosimeters. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 65, 187-191.
Signal comparison of alanine (2 Gy) ESR measurements with MagnetTech MS-200, MS-400 and MS-500 ESR-spectrometers (courtesy Kuntz, Arahouni, Werner – Aérial)